Hello, dear readers of the business magazine "site"! In this article, we will tell you how to get a loan to start and develop a small business from scratch and where you can get an unsecured loan for your business.

It's not a secret for anyone that in order to create and develop own business a lot of money is required. But entrepreneurs do not always have enough funds. Most of them have to be content with what they have.

However, there is always a way out.. In case of insufficient funds, they may become business loan processing . It is this topic that our today's publication is devoted to.

After reading the presented article from beginning to end, you will learn:

• What are the features of lending to small and medium-sized businesses;
• What do you need to get a loan to start a business from scratch;
• What steps do you need to go through to get a loan for small business development.

At the end of the article, we will try to answer the most popular questions about business loans.

The presented publication will be useful to those entrepreneurs who plan to apply for a business loan. It will not be superfluous to carefully read the article for those who are fond of finance. As they say, time is money . So don't lose it start reading right now!

About what kind of loans for opening / developing a business are, how to get a loan for small and medium-sized businesses from scratch and where you can get a loan for business purposes without collateral - read in this issue

1. Loans to small and medium-sized businesses - opening and developing your own business using borrowed funds

Getting a business loan can be tricky. It is even more difficult to get money to open a small or medium business.

It's important to understand that most banks are suspicious of entrepreneurs and start-ups. This is especially true for those businessmen who cannot provide serious evidence of their own solvency.

It is quite possible to understand creditors. The bank is not a charitable organization, so it is important for it to be sure that the money issued on credit will be returned in a timely manner. The easiest way to get a loan is for those businessmen who have been successfully operating for a long time.

There are several ways to get business start up loan . However, for their design the borrower must meet certain criteria. Often the conditions for novice businessmen are quite tough. All of them are designed to guarantee the bank timely repayment of debt.

Lending organizations offer small businesses a large number of different programs. However, most of them do not want to cooperate with entrepreneurs and individuals. Creating a business from scratch is always associated with high risks. Lenders are unwilling to take them upon themselves.

Often created business projects are unprofitable. If this happens, there will be no one to repay the debts.

Small business lending banks often take the following steps to mitigate their own risks:

• requirement of additional security in the form of a guarantor or pledge;
• registration of an insurance policy;
• increase in the rate on the loan;
• require the submission of a detailed business plan if they wish to open a new business;
• develop loan programs with a large number of additional restrictions and conditions;
• careful study of information about the future borrower.

If the business has been operating for several years, it will be easier to get money in debt.

There are special state-supported loan programs , which are designed for those who do business in an area that is beneficial to the government.

For example, there are programs for creating production in the Far East or the Far North.

If a novice businessman lacks a small amount to start a business, it is often easier and more profitable to issue untargeted consumer loan . In this case, you will have to prove your solvency as individual.

If you want to apply for a business loan, a credit institution in without fail specifies the purpose of receiving funds.

Most often, the following business tasks are used as the purpose of lending:

1. purchase of additional or improved equipment;
2. acquisition of patents and licenses.

Banks are not willing to issue loans for all purposes. They prefer to issue loans exclusively for financially promising tasks.

The loan repayment period is determined individually depending on the tasks that are supposed to be solved using the money received:

• If the purpose of obtaining a loan is to increase working capital, the return period is usually does not exceed 1 year ;
• If a loan is issued for the purchase of equipment or the opening of new branches, the loan is usually repaid 3 to 5 years .

Novice businessmen should be prepared that they may need to provide proof of solvency pledge . Typically used as collateral liquid valuable property.

Most often, banks accept as collateral:

• real estate;
• vehicles;
• equipment;
• securities.

Other property that is in demand on the market can also be provided as security.

In addition to the availability of high-quality collateral, banks take into account the following criteria:

1. Having a good credit history. Malicious violators of credit agreements are unlikely to succeed in obtaining a large loan;
2. Financial indicators are taken into account when applying for loans by operating organizations;
3. Availability and quality of business reputation;
4. The place that the company occupies in the market, as well as its position in the industry;
5. Quantity and quality of fixed assets. Other components of the material and technical base of the business are also considered.

All of the above requirements make it much more difficult for companies and entrepreneurs to apply for a loan.

It is far from always possible for businessmen to choose the right one on their own. loan program and cope with all the requirements of the bank. If such a situation arises, it makes sense to contact credit brokers .

These companies help in obtaining loans. But you have to be very careful and do not transfer funds before the loan is processed. There are many scammers among brokers.

Popular types of loans for small and medium businesses

2. What are business loans - 5 main types of loans

Selecting the type of loan for SMEs should be based on the unique characteristics of a particular activity.

It is important to take into account that there are a number of cases when it is more expedient for novice businessmen to use consumer programs non-targeted lending to individuals. Having issued such a loan, citizens have the right spend the funds at your discretion.

Do not forget that there are several types of business loans. The most popular are described below.

Type 1. Traditional loan

Classic business loans are issued for the following purposes:

• if you want to work for yourself and open your own business;
• for the development of an existing business;
• to increase working capital;
• for the purchase of equipment and other fixed assets.

For targeted loans intended for the implementation of certain business tasks, the rate in most cases turns out to be approximately by 1.5 -3% below ↓. It is determined by the chosen lender, as well as by the program.

The average market rate is about 15 % . In most cases, when providing security, it can be significantly reduced. The size of a traditional business loan is determined borrower's goals, as well as the selected program. The range in this case can be very large.

The banks offer small loans in the amount of only a few million, and large loans in the amount of several tens of millions. In this case, the entrepreneur will be able to take a smaller amount than medium and large businesses .

Type 2. Overdraft

This loan can be obtained from the bank by the owners of card and current accounts. Most often, overdraft is used by medium and large organizations.

Overdraft is a type of loan that provides the borrower the ability to withdraw money from the account in an amount exceeding its balance. For the use of funds in excess of those placed on the account, its owner is forced to pay interest.

This service allows companies to liquidate cash gaps . They represent situations when the money in the account owned by the organization is not enough to fulfill the current financial obligations. After receipt of funds from debtors to the borrower's account, they go to repay the resulting debt.

The overdraft interest rate is determined by a huge number of criteria:

• the amount of turnover on the account;
• the degree of trust of the bank to the borrower;
• term of service in a particular credit institution, etc.

On average, the market rate varies within from 12 to 18% per annum . An important feature of an overdraft is no need to provide security in the form of collateral or guarantors.

Type 3. Credit line

Credit line is a loan that is not disbursed immediately in full, but in small installments. In this case, the businessman borrows money at regular intervals.

The credit line is convenient for the client in that he can use only the part of the loan that he needs for this moment. At the same time, loan costs will be optimized, since interest is calculated only on the basis of current debt.

An important concept when studying the issue of providing credit line is an tranche . It is a part of the funds that is issued at a time.

An important condition is that the total amount of debt at any given time must not exceed total credit line limit.

In accordance with the agreement, tranches can be provided to the client at regular intervals or as needed. In the latter case, the borrower must write an application for a part of the loan.

Type 4. Bank guarantee

In fact, bank guarantee You can call it a loan only with a little stretch.

It is much more accurate to speak of it as on the type of guarantee, as well as the type of insurance against the risks of non-fulfillment of obligations. If such a situation occurs, the customer's expenses will be compensated by a bank guarantee.

It is most often used in the field public procurement, as well as tenders. Here, the guarantee acts as a guarantee of the fulfillment of obligations under the concluded state contracts.

It is important to carefully study the basic concepts, as well as the principles of operation. bank guarantee.

There are 3 parties involved in this transaction:

1. The guarantor of the transaction is most often the bank. It is he who assumes the fulfillment of obligations in case of violation of the terms of the contract;
2. The principal is the contractor under the contract. A bank guarantee is concluded in case of default by this particular person;
3. The beneficiary is the customer under the contract. He must be sure that the implementation of the agreement will be made in in full.

Knowing which parties are involved in the conclusion of a bank guarantee, easy to understand the mechanism of its action:

1. The beneficiary and the principal enter into a contract with each other. The customer (beneficiary) at the same time requires to guarantee that it will be executed timely and in full. Such confidence is especially important when concluding government contracts, as well as orders for the performance of large volumes of work or the supply of large consignments of goods.
2. To prove their reliability, as well as to insure risks, the contractor provides the customer with a guarantee for the amount of the contract. If for any reason he cannot fulfill his obligations, the bank will pay the customer cash.

However, the bank will not remain at a loss. For receiving a bank guarantee, the principal pays the guarantor a certain commission . Moreover, after the payment of funds to the beneficiary, the guarantor has the right to claim this amount from the principal.

Type 5. Specific loans

In addition to the types of loans discussed above, there are specific types of business loans. These usually include factoring and leasing.

1) Factoring

Factoring is kind of trade credit, which is provided to businesses by banks or specialized companies.

The factoring scheme looks simple:

1. The buyer receives from the seller the goods necessary for doing business ( for example, raw materials and equipment).
2. A credit institution (bank or factoring company) pays the invoice for the buyer.
3. Subsequently, the lender gradually receives the money back from the buyer.

The benefits of factoring are obvious to all 3 parties:

1. Buyer can purchase the goods he needs without waiting for a sufficient amount to be accumulated.
2. Salesman immediately receives funds without the need to provide installments.
3. Bank or factoring company for the provision of funds receive income in the form of percent. In some cases, the rate under the factoring agreement is not provided. In this case, the seller gives the bank a discount on the price. The creditor receives from the buyer the cost of the goods in full.

It should be borne in mind what factoring refers to short-term loans. It will have to be paid back much faster than traditional loans. Typically, the term under the contract does not exceed six months..

The buyer does not always know that the right to claim a debt from him has been assigned to a third party. He may think that the store provided him with the goods in installments. In this case, one speaks of private factoring. If the counterparties act openly (agreed on all the terms of the transaction), there is open factoring.

2) Leasing

A competently and professionally drawn up document helps to determine the further business development strategy. Without it, it is difficult to determine what the costs and revenues will be, which means whether the business will be profitable.

It is the business plan that reflects how it is planned to use the money received on credit from the bank.

But do not forget that a business plan is a document consisting of several dozen pages. Naturally, bank employees do not have enough time to study such a document. Therefore, for obtaining a loan, they provide a short version, which contains no more than 10 pages .

By strictly observing the conditions described above, the borrower can significantly increase the likelihood positive decision on loan application.

4. What are the features of small business loans without collateral and guarantors - important nuances of unsecured loans

In the struggle for customers, banks often simplify lending conditions. Today you can get a loan for a business from scratch without collateral or guarantors.

Unsecured loans for small businesses

Such loans are traditionally used to solve various problems:

• previously issued loan;
• increasing working capital;
• acquisition of fixed assets;
• repayment of accounts payable.

It is important to carefully study all the features of lending to small businesses without collateral and guarantors.

It is worth paying attention to the advantages of unsecured loans for small businesses:

1. high speed of registration, and hence the receipt of money;
2. drawing up an individual repayment schedule that will take into account the characteristics of the activity;
3. the possibility of receiving funds in a form convenient for a businessman - in cash, in foreign currency, by bank transfer using the specified details.

It is important to keep in mind that the bank carefully examines the submitted documents before issuing a loan. This process takes place individually for each case. During the analysis, bank employees seek to evaluate solvency of the borrower in order to obtain guarantees for the return of loans issued.

When applying for a loan without providing collateral, the debt repayment guarantee is:

• reputation of the borrower;
• business development prospects;
• the amount of expected profit.

Turns out that On the one side the procedure for applying for a loan without providing collateral is greatly simplified.

but on the other hand , the probability of obtaining a positive decision on the application is significantly reduced↓. This is especially true for a newly created or planned business.

The increase in the number of failures is simply explained - for the lender, the risk of non-return when issuing funds to start-up entrepreneurs increases significantly ⇑.

That is why, when developing programs for issuing loans to businesses without the use of collateral, lenders in most cases significantly tighten their conditions.

Business loans without collateral and guarantors are characterized by the following parameters:

1. Minimum return periods - you will have to fulfill obligations under the contract very quickly;
2. Limited loan amount - it is unlikely that it will be possible to receive a sufficiently large amount without providing additional guarantees in the form of collateral. In most cases, it is possible to get without collateral and guarantors no more 1 million rubles;
3. Increasing stakes compared to loans secured and guaranteed. Often they reach 25 % per annum.

Naturally, such conditions are disadvantageous for entrepreneurs. Often, businessmen decide in such a situation to turn to credit brokers who promise to find the most favorable conditions.

But do not forget that there are many scammers operating in the field of brokerage organizations. Therefore, payment for their services should be made only after the loan is issued.

By providing loans without collateral, banks run the risk of not only not receiving the planned income, but also completely losing the funds issued. That is why they are tightening lending conditions. As a result, many businessmen refuse to apply for a loan without collateral.

In most cases, novice businessmen still have to decide on secured loan . They also provide guarantees. There are several reasons for this: more loyal requirements for the borrower himself, less stringent conditions for providing money, etc.

However, in this case, the registration procedure becomes more complicated, because you will have to additionally submit documents confirming the ownership of the collateral. If you plan to borrow money under the guarantee of third parties, you will also have to prepare its documents.

The main stages of obtaining a loan for opening / developing a small business

5. How to get / take a loan to open and develop a small business from scratch - 7 main stages of registration

Getting a business loan is not an easy task. First of all, you need to familiarize yourself with requirements imposed by banks on applicants:

• the presence of a stable profit over a certain period of time;
• drawing up a high-quality business plan;
• possession of liquid expensive property;
• net credit reputation;
• finding a business within the territory of the banking product;
• Opening a current account in the bank for issuing a loan.

The list provided is far from complete. Each credit institution independently develops the conditions for obtaining loans.

Take note! Banks always have a negative attitude towards businessmen who have had a bad experience in organizing their own business in the past.

At the same time, successful business for a long period can be a significant plus when applying for a loan.

Reasons for rejection of a loan application may include:

• seizure of property owned by business and management;
• debts on tax and other payments;
• open court cases in which the applicant is involved.

It turns out that the process of obtaining a loan is a rather complicated procedure. To facilitate their task, beginners should carefully study the following instructions compiled by professionals.

Accurate execution of the steps described below allows you to increase the likelihood of a positive decision on the application, as well as avoid a huge number of popular errors.

Stage 1. Preparation of a business plan

Very few lenders decide to lend to entrepreneurs and companies without knowing business plan. This is typical not only for established organizations, but also for the development of existing ones.

Business plan is a document that defines the strategy and tactics for further business development.

To compile it, several types of analysis are carried out - manufacturing, financial, as well as technological. At the same time, the characteristics of not only current activities company, but also the future results of the project.

It is important to calculate all the income and expenses arising in the process of its implementation, as well as the increase in production volumes. The business plan is designed to show the lender exactly where his money will go. .

A competently and professionally drawn up document includes a huge number of pages. Naturally, when studying a loan application, bank employees do not have enough time to study the business plan in full.

Therefore, for these purposes, it will be necessary to additionally draw up an abbreviated version of the document, which contains no more than 10 pages .

Stage 2. Choosing the direction of development

Recently, a popular way to develop or organize a business has become the use of franchises . It is a ready-made model for building activities, which is provided to the entrepreneur by a well-known brand that has already become quite popular. More information about in our special publication.

Franchise can significantly raise chances for application approval . Banks are more loyal to projects built on its principles, because the probability of success in this case is higher.

At the same time, when deciding to open their own, unknown business, creditors are skeptical about the submitted application. In such a situation, no one can guarantee success.

The presence of a licensed franchise agreement fundamentally changes the matter. At the same time, it should be borne in mind that most companies that provide their brand for use are partners of a particular credit institution. It is to her that you should apply for a loan.

Stage 3. Activity registration

Any organization must be properly registered with government bodies. If the company is just opening, you will have to go through this procedure.

First of all, it should choose the optimal taxation system . To do this, you will have to study a significant amount of relevant information or contact a professional accountant.

After that, with the relevant documents, you will have to go to tax office. Upon completion of the company registration procedure, the entrepreneur is issued with an appropriate certificate .

Stage 4. Bank selection

The choice of a credit institution is major step on the way to getting a loan. The number of banks that lend money for the creation and development of business is huge. Most of them offer several programs that have their own conditions and features.

In such a situation, it is not easy to choose a bank. The task can be facilitated by evaluating credit institutions according to a number of characteristics offered by specialists.

The criteria for choosing a bank for obtaining a business loan are as follows:

• duration of the period of conducting activities in the financial market;
• offering several programs at once, suitable for various categories of borrowers;
• reviews of real customers who used the services of the bank in question;
• conditions of offers of a credit institution - rate, availability and size of various commissions, term and amount of the loan.

Professionals recommend arrange loans in large serious banks. It is important to branches And ATMs were located within walking distance for the borrower. Equally important is the availability and effectiveness online banking.

Stage 5. Program selection and application

When the bank is selected, you can begin to analyze the programs it offers. At the same time, it should be borne in mind that they may differ not only in conditions, but also in requirements for the borrower or collateral.

When the program is selected, it remains to submit application . Today, for this it is not necessary to go to the bank office. Most credit institutions offer to send it in mode online . It is enough to fill out a short questionnaire on the site and click the button "Send".

After consideration of the application by the bank employees, the client receives preliminary decision. If approved, you will be left with the documents to visit the bank branch.

After a conversation with the applicant and consideration of the original documents, a decision will be made final decision.

The convenience of applying via the Internet lies in the ability to contact several banks at once. In this case, you can save a lot of time.

In case of refusal in one bank waiting for someone else's answer.

If approval is received from several creditors, It remains to choose the most suitable among them.

Stage 6. Preparation of a package of documents

In fact, experts advise in advance prepare the necessary documents, especially those that are required everywhere. Of course, each creditor independently draws up a corresponding list. However, there is a standard list of documents.

The package always includes 2 groups of documents:

1. Entrepreneur's documents , as well as the guarantor as an individual. These include passport, second document, proving the identity. In some cases it is also required income statement.
2. Business documents – founding, business plan, balance sheet or others financial documents. May be required if available franchise agreement. If a bond is issued, you will have to present ownership documents for the relevant property.

The more documents a future borrower manages to collect, the higher the probability of a positive decision.

Stage 7. Making an initial contribution and obtaining borrowed funds

Often, business loans are issued only on condition that down payment . This primarily concerns loans for the purchase of real estate, vehicles and expensive equipment.

This step should, if necessary, make a down payment and obtain relevant supporting documents.

For self-calculation of the loan, we suggest using:

Starting your own company or promoting a project is expensive. For start-up businessmen, such investments become an unbearable burden, so loans to support enterprises become excellent sources of financing at the start.

Who works with SMEs

PJSC "Sberbank of Russia"

The most could not stay away. Every year Sberbank offers more and more favorable rates and conditions for attracting entrepreneurs. And in 2019, he registered a subsidiary microcredit company, Outstanding Credits.

The start of the pilot project is scheduled for the 3rd quarter of this year in three cities of the Russian Federation - Moscow, St. Petersburg and Nizhny Novgorod. The conditions are as follows:

• The debt service period is 12 months.
• The limit is up to 1,000,000.

The level of interest rates has not yet been announced, but, according to experts, they will not be higher than competitors - 30% per annum. To sign the agreement, you must provide a passport and juristic documents fill out an application with all the information about the company. The borrower must be between 25 and 60 years of age.

The advantages of the organization over other companies include a quick response, a minimum package of papers, and prompt issuance of a loan.

At the moment, the institution is ready to issue money within the framework of the bank branch for programs

1. "Express bail",
2. "Confidence",
3. "Business Trust" with and without collateral.

PJSC Promsvyazbank

For small businesses, where the revenue is not more than 540 million rubles. the "Credit-Business" package is valid:

• Amount - from 3 million to 150 million rubles.
• Term - up to 15 years, the maximum limit is given only for the purchase real estate. To replenish working capital - 3 years, for - 10 years.
• Deferred payment repayment - one year.
• Flexible approach to collateral selection.
• Currency - US dollars, Euro, Rubles.
• The answer is provided within 5-10 days.

As part of the offer, you can profitably purchase vehicle, equipment, real estate, repair, replenish working capital.

For companies with revenues up to 4.5 million rubles, there are several loan programs. These are "SuperOverdraft" and "Overdraft". The first one is available for enterprises with maximum account turnover. Issue up to 60 million for 5 years.

The “Short-term lending” offer allows you to receive money for business development for an LLC in the form of a line of credit or a commercial loan (here rubles are given immediately). Loan amount and interest are set independently. As a rule, collateral is a prerequisite.

JSC Rosselkhozbank

Money to replenish working capital in the framework of 5 projects:

• "Micro overdraft": 300 thousand for 12 months.
• "Micro" - 4,000,000 for 3 years.
• "Working Standard" - money to replenish working capital for 2 years, it is possible to issue 100% on the security of goods and materials.
• "Individual lending", where% and limit are specified by the bank independently, depending on the personal preferences of the client. The investment period is 2 years.
• "Personal overdraft" - rubles to cover cash gaps, the limit is up to 10,000,000.

The first two proposals are designed to provide money to microbusiness enterprises. Additionally, the institution offers projects for the promotion of agriculture, construction companies, livestock and fishing businesses that carry out seasonal activities.

PJSC Vozrozhdenie

A good Invest program, where they lend up to 250,000 at a rate of 13% per annum for up to 5 years. Even before submitting an application, the manager, based on the personal data of the borrower and his company, will be able to announce a personal% on the loan.

The lender always takes into account, is ready to offer flexible terms RKO.

PJSC VTB24

A minimum of formalities and a quick response are promised for the Kommersant project:

• The rate is from 14%.
• The limit is from 500 thousand to 5,000,000.
• The term is 5 years.

Program " Investment lending» will allow you to launch any business process:

• The amount is from 850,000.
• Deferral of repayment - six months.
• From 11.8% per annum.

As part of obtaining loans from banks, do not forget about bonuses from the state. These are certain programs aimed at supporting SMEs. Regional funds microloans are ready to lend in 2019 up to 1,000,000 at 8.5-11% per annum. Payment is expected within 3 years.

Axiom of commerce - every business needs financial investments. This is especially true at the initial stage of activity. In order to earn money on the implementation of a business project, you must first invest in it. Large projects require a lot of money, small projects a little less. But it is impossible to get rid of expenses in principle under normal conditions.

It is good if a novice businessman has at least some money. And if not, there are several options where you can legally get finance. One of them is to get a business loan from a bank. Its conditions should be relaxed compared to the usual. Otherwise, a successful start of the project will not be seen. But even here there are certain subtleties and roughness.

Risks for the parties

Commercial banks give loans only at interest. On the general conditions or preferential, but in addition to the loan itself, you will also have to return the accrued interest. If the business is successful, then such a financial loan, no matter how heavy, will pay for itself. And if not? An unsuccessful businessman will lose not only his business, but also his property. And then it will remain a debtor with all the ensuing legal consequences.

It should be noted that for a bank, issuing a loan for the development of a commercial business is considered a risky deal. There is no unconditional guarantee that the loan of a newly-minted merchant, received for the creation of a small business from scratch, will be returned. In the worst case, when the option of ruin appears on the horizon, an unsuccessful entrepreneur may, after a certain period of time (mostly a month), declare himself bankrupt and refuse to return the money received to the bank.

And yet, how to get a business loan from scratch? It's no more difficult than getting a regular student loan, improving living conditions, buying a car and so on.

Mandatory conditions

Despite such risks, credit on favorable terms for small businesses is slowly but still being renewed. Including taking a loan for a business from scratch, it is possible, subject to certain strict conditions. However, there are no super-heavy impracticable clauses in the contract:

1. Good credit history of the borrower. Difficulties in paying past loans, outstanding loans or late payments can be the reason for a loan refusal.
2. Professional business plan. The self-evident possibility of quick earnings, albeit small but stable, will force financial experts to agree with the borrower and issue the right solution.
3. Employment that provides additional income. A solid income makes it possible to successfully repay a loan received to develop a small business from scratch.
4. The presence of personal property that can be mortgaged under a loan. This is a serious guarantee of a mandatory refund.
5. Having a reliable guarantor.
6. The existence of start-up financial capital, which is approximately 25% of the required amount.

There are other circumstances in the matter of whether to start a business from scratch. It is worth considering at least some of them.

Banks

Where can I get a small business loan from scratch, which bank should I contact? It must be understood that, firstly, not all financial institutions provide such loans, and secondly, the requirements and offers of the bank differ, and a businessman, of course, wants to choose the most profitable option.

Russians wishing to organize their own business can take the help of a number of financial institutions. Which banks give loans for business from scratch? A small business loan from scratch is available in several banks Russian Federation- more about them below.

VTB 24

VTB24 offers the most favorable rates for legal entities registered in Russia, quite diverse conditions, including business loans for individual entrepreneurs. The approaches to LLC and sole proprietorship differ significantly. Often, property is required as collateral for a loan. Specific examples:

1. Express micro. The loan is given in the amount of 30,000 to 600,000 rubles for a period of 3 months to 3 years. No collateral is required for this.
2. Small funds are released on the security of personal movable or immovable property for a period of 3 months to 7 years. The amount of the loan in this case is in the range from 600,000 to 30,000,000 rubles.
3. Under contract. By issuing such a loan, the bank subsequently has legal right on claims for amounts passing under the contract. The loan is issued for a period of 3 to 12 months. The loan amount in this case varies from 150,000 to 6,000,000 rubles.

Sberbank

Sberbank issues a loan for a new business from scratch as part of the Business Start project. Financing is given for an existing business project. Franchising is also possible.

In addition, to register and develop your own business, you can join the Business Trust loan program of Sberbank. She does not require strict accountability about the purposes and directions of lending. "Business Trust" is:

• a loan without a guarantee of collateral;
• the amount of funds in the amount of 80,000-3,000,000 rubles;
• no commission;
• need a guarantor - the owner of the company;
• interest rate of 13.94% or more;
• The repayment period is within 3 months to 3 years.

"Rosselkhozbank"

"Rosselkhozbank" presents separate loan products to strengthen small firms. There are no funding restrictions. The main focus is the agricultural sector, but there are other areas of loans for starting a business from scratch:

1. investment standard. The amount of the loan is 60 million rubles, the repayment period is up to 8 years. Deferral of payments - up to 1.5 years. A personal loan repayment schedule is possible.
2. For the purchase of machinery and/or equipment, a loan is issued only against the security of the purchased machinery and/or equipment. Postponement of payments - up to one year. The loan period is up to 7 years.
3. For purchase land plots. Issued only against the security of the purchased land plot. Postponement of payments - up to 2 years. Loan period - up to 8 years.
4. For the purchase of young animals, a loan is issued only against the security of purchased agricultural animals. Postponement of payments - 1 year.

"Alfa Bank"

In Alfa-Bank, there are only two types of business loans. But at the same time, managers report activities with small and medium-sized firms as the most important priority.

Funding Methods

Modern banking methods of financing loans for starting a business from scratch have a number of subtleties. And the main one is to minimize the risks, both discussed above and others (there are enough of them to consider a complete list).

First of all, financial institutions face the task of determining the degree of financial risk when lending to applied small enterprises. Banks use two methods, quite different in terms of objectivity and depth of analysis:

1. Work of experts on the application. In this case, the final decision on the allocation of a loan depends to a large extent on a very subjective verification of the businessman's arguments.
2. Another mass method for determining the magnitude of risk is the use of automated financial system"scoring", which appeared half a century ago. Not burdened by any emotions, the program calculates the points received, takes into account the overall results on the basis of the data indicated in the questionnaire of this client. Scoring is subdivided by type: by points received (it is necessary to reach the assigned level, many applicants do not reach it); against obvious fraudsters (through consideration of behavior reveals factors confirming data about a possible threat to bank assets); against irresponsible and frivolous clients-borrowers (the probability of delay is considered).

Receipt process

Receipt profitable loan for business for individual entrepreneurs involves a certain strict procedure. Logistics of actions for obtaining a loan for starting a small business:

1. First you need to send a reasoned application to the selected bank. It notes the form of activity, a specific lending program.
2. Then you need to provide information about financial position your small business. Will require a loan for a business from scratch and documents: you need to provide an identity card, TIN, a copy work book a potential borrower, a certificate of income, documents confirming other income (deposit in a bank, shares of any companies, investments), papers establishing the right to real estate or other property that will act as collateral, and so on. The emphasis should be on the amount of profit received, a positive credit history, the availability of additional income or other sources of finance that will help return the money if things do not work out.
3. If the application is accepted (and this, as a rule, happens in most cases) and considered, specific work begins - the terms of the loan are approved: the amount of funds, the chronological framework, the form of the loan.

Enhance Opportunities

How to get a business loan from scratch? When looking for a loan to develop their business, a novice entrepreneur needs to choose a bank as scrupulously as possible, in which he will then be served. Nuances:

1. When analyzing the situation of financial institutions, it is necessary to ask whether there are special proposals (and what kind they are) for the development of small enterprises.
2. The advice and recommendations of commercial partners, acquaintances and friends who are in contact with a particular bank are important.
3. Loans are distributed more freely under an existing business. An application with an attached project of a case not yet started has few opportunities to receive financial support.
4. It is not bad that your company is solvent, has been successfully developing for at least six months.
5. In favor of a positive decision of the bank to issue a loan, there will be a certain collateral. Real estate, machinery, technical equipment are usually considered as collateral.

Subjective factors

Moving forward on the issue of how to get a loan for a business from scratch, the bank considers other factors, seemingly completely subjective, regarding the borrower:

1. current age. World practice suggests that the age at which a potential client is the strongest and most able-bodied and can most likely vouch for the process of issuing a loan is in the range from 30 to 40 years.
2. Official marriage. If the lender is legally married, his possible chances of obtaining the requested loan for an existing business increase significantly, because if there is a problem with the return of borrowed funds, the husband (wife) of the borrower will be able to connect to the closing of the loan.
3. Monthly recurring expenses. A financial institution that lends to small business development may also consider the amount of the amount of the monthly cost in the process of developing the borrower's entrepreneurial activity.
4. The interior of the office space. The premises, which the credited businessman has allocated as an office, will be inspected by the bank for the presence of communications equipment, business office equipment, several computers and good furniture.

Additional Options

When wondering how to get a loan for a business from scratch, you need to understand that there is an alternative possibility of obtaining potential financial assistance - ordinary consumer lending. A loan can be issued to an individual working in the company. A personal car or real estate can be used as collateral. The institution of guarantors is also used.

It is not very difficult to get such a loan, but loans are not entirely beneficial for a businessman due to high interest rates. Therefore, it is better to think again, look for options for obtaining start-up capital. Most regions of our country now have funds that provide financial support to small businesses. These institutions work on behalf of the state as guarantors for the issued loan, and can themselves offer small soft loans businessmen.

And although the economy is not experiencing better times but the banks are still quite willing give loans to small businesses. The main task of an entrepreneur is to get Better conditions on loan. Here are 7 steps that an individual entrepreneur or legal entity needs to take to get a development loan your business.

Step 1

Decide what needs to borrow

An individual entrepreneur or a legal entity can take a loan without collateral and for any purpose in almost any bank. Only the rates will be high, and the conditions for obtaining a loan are quite tough. Therefore, planning take a loan For business development, the entrepreneur must decide in advance for what purposes he will spend the money received. By specifying why you need money, you can choose a loan with a lower rate.

It is believed that there are good and bad reasons for getting a loan.

Good reasons include: acquisition and modernization of equipment, construction or buying a property, a car. The bank may set a condition for up to 70% of the loan to be used for such capital investments in fixed assets. As a pledge, you can register the acquired property or goods, as well as raw materials and semi-finished products purchased for credit funds for production. In these cases, the rate may be lower than for an unspecified purpose loan.

Bad Grounds – Redeeming Others loans, current losses or acquisition of non-core assets. In these cases, borrowers are subject to more stringent conditions for obtaining a loan.

Step 2

Decide how much money to borrow

An individual entrepreneur or a legal entity can take out a loan and 150 thousand rubles, and 200 million rubles, depending on the purpose. So that the representatives small business no problem getting a loan, you must immediately decide how much to ask. It is believed that many entrepreneurs asking for less than they actually need. Underestimating the required amount can lead to problems due to a lack of working capital before the money borrowed begins to pay off.

At the same time, it is not necessary to act according to the principle "Ask for more - they will give less." If entrepreneur will try take a bank loan on too a large amount, this may raise questions about the reliability IP or LLC.

planning get a business loan, you need to weigh everything, evaluate the budget, backing up your loan application with a financial forecast (profit / loss balance sheet, statement of cash flows). This will allow the entrepreneur himself to better calculate his actions in the future, and perhaps show the creditor that IP or LLC carefully plans your business.

Step 3

Check whether the individual entrepreneur or LLC meets the requirements that the bank imposes on the borrower

Issuing business development loan, especially without collateral, banks, as a rule, impose special requirements on borrowers. Therefore, it is important for an entrepreneur to know what lenders want and to know what it takes to meet those expectations.

Age.One of the conditions for issuing a loan may be the age of the borrower. For example, from 23 to 60 years.

Time in business.Some lenders lend money and provide better loan terms to those businessmen who have been in business for a certain period of time. It may differ for different activities. For example, for retail trade - more than 6 months, for wholesale - at least 18 months, and manufacturing companies - the minimum period in business can be 2 years.

Credit history. A good credit history will show the lender that the entrepreneur is a reliable borrower, which will undoubtedly increase the chances of obtaining a loan on favorable terms.

Cash flow report. The main thing you need to know when you want to get a loan for business development is what the bank may require, and most likely will require, to provide financial statements about the movement of funds. It could be tax return, books of income and expenses, bank statements on total monthly turnover, etc. These documents show the entrepreneur's ability to successfully repay the loan. It is on the basis of them that the decision to issue a loan for business development will most likely be made.

Step 4

Find a lender

Having understood why and how much money is needed, it is time for an entrepreneur to choose a lender. These can be both banks and other credit organizations or even private investors who are ready to provide interest-bearing business development loan.

Commercial banks : this the best way for traditional loans with standard lending terms.

Non-bank credit organizations : these are credit institutions that have the right to carry out certain Bank operations set by the Central Bank.

Other creditors: small local banks and other lenders who are interested in economic development certain region or industry.

Private investors : IP or LLC with bad credit history can try to take private loan under receipt. This method of receiving money is becoming more and more popular among investors, which earn on interest, and from entrepreneurs who urgently need money.

Step 5

Choose a loan program and apply to a credit organization

Before contacting a bank, it is important to study loan offers various organizations. Calculation of eligible costs for servicing the loan, based on the amount and repayment period. Important parameters are the interest rate and the method of calculating interest, the presence and amount of additional commissions, fines and other payments, the possibility and procedure early repayment and loan deferrals.

Some banks offer IP or legal entities to apply for a loan via the Internet - online. On the websites of many credit organizations there are online calculators, which will help you choose the best rate and loan term.

A bank specialist will make an appointment, familiarize you with the list of documents required for obtaining a loan, and answer your questions.

Step 6

Prepare a package of documents for a loan application

In every bank a package of documents for obtaining a loan for individual entrepreneurs and small businesses different, it can also change with different types lending. But, as a rule, such a package includes:

Application for a loan and a questionnaire of guarantors in the form of a bank;

Constituent and registration documents of a legal entity / individual entrepreneur

Financial statements

Documents on economic activity

Other.

A complete list of necessary documents will be provided to an entrepreneur at a credit institution that an individual entrepreneur or OOO choose to receive a loan.

Step 7

Sign the contract and wait for the money

Expect loan approval for sole proprietorship or small business As a rule, it takes 3-5 days from the date of submission of the full package of documents.

Before signing the contract, check whether all its conditions correspond to those that you agreed with the bank in advance. Carefully read the text marked with an asterisk or small print: the bank may add its right to change to the agreement interest rate, terms and other conditions.

Facilities bank can transfer to the current account legal entity or individual entrepreneur, as well as to the account on the deposit of an individual - the owner business.

These are typical