The North Caucasian Federal District (NCFD) was separated from the Southern Federal District in 2010 into an independent administrative unit. The territory of the region occupies the eastern and central part of the North Caucasus and the southern European part of the country.

The formation of the North Caucasus Federal District is the first stage of the program to change the federal districts, launched in 2000. In that year, the NCFD was called

General characteristics of the region

The occupied area of ​​the district is about 1% of the entire territory of the Russian Federation. The central city of the North Caucasus Federal District is Pyatigorsk. This is the only settlement in the Russian Federation that has not been assigned the status of an administrative center. Its area is not even the largest in comparison with other cities of the district.

The administrative unit borders the Caspian Sea. Azerbaijan and Georgia can be seen in the south of the district. Also, the borders run along the Rostov region, Kalmykia and the Krasnodar Territory.

The composition of the North Caucasian Federal District consists of 7 republics.

Dagestan

This is the southernmost part of Russia and is located in the east of the North Caucasus, and on the eastern side it is washed by the Caspian Sea. In the west, the territory borders on the Stavropol Territory and Chechnya. In the north with Kalmykia, and in the southwest with Georgia. The southern part is in contact with Azerbaijan. The capital of the administrative unit is Makhachkala. The republic occupies about 50.27 thousand m 2. The date of formation is 1921. The population of the region is about 3 million inhabitants.

The composition of the citizens of the North Caucasian Federal District is multinational. The same can be said about Dagestan. There are few Russians in the republic - 3.6%, which is approximately 104 thousand. Avars are the most - 850 thousand, which is 29.4 percent. Next come the Dargins, who are 17%, the Kumyks - 14.9%, the Lezgins - 13.3%, the Laks - 5.6%, and so on. Least of all in the republic are Archins and Armenians, there are only 5 thousand of them each.

Ingushetia

The youngest republic in the North Caucasian Federal District is Ingushetia. Year of creation - 1992.

The republic borders on North Ossetia, Georgia. The climate here is continental, and in winter the temperature does not drop below -5 degrees.

The population is 480 thousand people. The Republic is dominated by the Ingush, about 94%. About 4.6% are Chechens, and only 0.8% of the population are Russians. The remaining percentages are made up of other ethnic groups.

Chechens live quite compactly, mainly in the Nazran region. Other nationalities do not have a specific territory of residence.

Only 42.5% of all residents of the republic live in cities. The population mainly lives in the Suzhenskaya and Alkhanchurskaya valleys, Achaluka, and this is only 25% of the entire territory. Only 5% of all residents live on the remaining 85% of the republic's lands.

Kabardino-Balkaria

The North Caucasian Federal District includes the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, founded in 1921, with the capital city of Nalchik.

The territory is located mainly in the mountains of the North Caucasus. It is in Kabardino-Balkaria that the stratovolcano of Mount Elbrus is located, with the highest mountain peak in Europe and the Russian Federation. This figure is 5642 meters above sea level.

Despite the predominantly mountain range, 864 thousand people live on 12.5 km 2 on the territory of the administrative unit.

The climate of the republic is quite diverse: in the area of ​​the plains there is a humid and continental climate, and higher in the mountains the climate is similar to the Alpine one.

The national composition of the republic:

There are even Finno-Ugric and Kurds in the republic, although in a very small proportion in relation to the total population - no more than 0.03%.

Karachay-Cherkess Republic

Since 1957, the territory received the status of an autonomous region, and since 1992 - a republic with Cherkessk as its capital. It borders on the Stavropol and Krasnodar Territories, Abkhazia and Georgia.

466 thousand people live in the republic. The titular nationalities are Karachays (40.67%) and Russians (31.40%). There are only 11.82% of Circassians, and even fewer Abazins - 7.73%, about 3.28% of Nogais. The remaining nationalities are represented by less than 1%.

The national composition of the North Caucasian Federal District in the context of the cities of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic:

North Ossetia Alania

The territory of the republic spread out on the northern slope of the Greater Caucasus Range. The mountain strip accounts for 48% of the entire territory. The capital is Vladikavkaz. total area administrative unit - 8 thousand m 2. The area was recognized as a republic in 1936. North Ossetia occupies 4121 km2. The climate is almost everywhere continental, and on the plains it is predominantly arid.

The republic has 1 urban district and 8 municipal districts. To get to Moscow, you will need to overcome 2 thousand km, and to Pyatigorsk only 200 km.

The climate of the republic is classified as subtropical. There are 130-140 summer days in a year. These factors have a beneficial effect on the development of resorts and tourist routes.

According to rough estimates, 706 thousand people live in the republic. Most of the citizens are in the city. This is approximately 451 thousand, the rest - in rural areas.

Composition The North Caucasian Federal District in part of North Ossetia is one of the most multinational territories. In terms of population density, the republic ranks after Moscow, St. Petersburg and Ingushetia.

About 100 national minorities live here, but Ossetians account for more than 65%. Russians are in second place. There are 21% of them. The third place in the list was taken by the Ingush - 4%.

List of national composition, the number of persons exceeding 1 thousand:

Stavropol region

When it comes to this region, the balneological resorts with which the territory is saturated immediately come to mind. There are many health resorts located in different cities: Essentuki, Kislovodsk and Zheleznovodsk.

Conditionally divided into two climatic zones:

• the northeast resembles semi-deserts and desert;
• the northwest is plains with fertile lands.

In general, the climate of the region can be characterized as temperate continental.

The administrative center of the region is Stavropol, and there are 19 cities in total.

The total area of ​​the administrative unit is 40.9 thousand km2. The total number of residents is 2.7 million people. The city dwellers account for 8.9%.

The territory is predominantly inhabited by Russians - there are about 2.2 million of them. The second in the list are Armenians. There are 161.3 thousand of them on the territory of the Stavropol Territory, which is 5.9%. The third place is occupied by the Dargins (as of 2015), previously this position was occupied by the Ukrainians. There are 49.3 thousand Dargins in the region. The fourth in terms of the number of national minorities are the Greeks. They are about 1.5% here.

Chechnya

It is hard to imagine the composition of the North Caucasian Federal District of Russia without it. It left the Russian Federation several times and last signed an agreement on joining Russia in 2003.

Mostly Chechens live in the republic. There are 1.2 million of them, which is a percentage of general composition population is 95.3. According to Rosstat, the total population of the republic in 2017 is 1,414,865 people.

The remaining nationalities are represented in a fairly small number:

Southern and North Caucasian Federal Districts

These districts until 2010 were a single territorial unit. According to the government, the allocation of the North Caucasus will allow the new federal district to accelerate the development of the southern regions. This makes it possible to solve economic and ethno-political problematic issues.

If we consider the national composition of the Southern and North Caucasian Federal Districts, then it is quite motley. In Dagestan alone, there are about 130 nationalities. In the region you can meet the most unique nationalities and quite small, even within Russia. These are Avars, Dargins, Kabardians and Lezgins, Circassians and Adygs, that is, representatives of the North Caucasian language group. In the republics of these federal districts there are representatives of the Altai people. These are Nogais, Karachays and Balkars. But if we take general data, then Russians still prevail in two regions. There are about 62% of them here. This number also includes Ukrainians.

- was formed on January 19, 2010 in accordance with the Decree of the President of Russia D. A. Medvedev No. 82 "On Amendments to the List of Federal Districts approved by the Decree of the President Russian Federation dated May 13, 2000 No. 849, and in Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated May 12, 2008 No. 724 "Issues of the system and structure of federal executive bodies" by separating from the Southern Federal District. The center of the North Caucasian Federal District is the city of Pyatigorsk.
From May 13 to June 21, 2000, the name of the North Caucasian Federal District was borne by the Southern Federal District.

North Caucasian Federal District (NCFD)- includes 7 constituent entities of the Russian Federation, it is located in the southern part of the European part of Russia, in the lower reaches of the Volga River, in the central and eastern parts of the North Caucasus, from the east the territory of the North Caucasian Federal District is washed by the Caspian Sea. In the west and north, the North Caucasian Federal District borders on the Southern Federal District, in the east - on Kazakhstan, in the south - on Abkhazia, Azerbaijan, Georgia and South Ossetia. The regions of the North Caucasian Federal District are included in the North Caucasian Economic Region.
Significant oil reserves are concentrated on the territory of the North Caucasian Federal District on the shelf of the Caspian Sea. The main sectors of the economy of the NCFD: extraction and processing of thermal and mineral waters, tourism, Agriculture, production of building materials.
The North Caucasus remains the most conflicted region in Russia.

NORTH CAUCASUS Federal District. Area 172,360 sq. km.
The administrative center of the North Caucasian Federal District - Pyatigorsk

Republic of DAGESTAN - The administrative center of the city of Makhachkala
Republic of INGUSHETIA - The administrative center of the city of Magas
Republic of NORTH OSSETIA - ALANIA - The administrative center of Vladikavkaz
KABARDINO-BALKARIAN REPUBLIC - The administrative center of the city of Nalchik
KARACHAYEV-CHERKESS REPUBLIC - The administrative center of the city of Cherkessk
CHECHEN REPUBLIC - The administrative center of the city of Grozny
STAVROPOL Territory - The administrative center of the city of Stavropol

Cities of the North Caucasian Federal District

Cities in the Republic of Dagestan: Buynaksk, Dagestan Lights, Derbent, Izberbash, Kaspiysk, Kizilyurt, Kizlyar, Khasavyurt, Yuzhno-Sukhokumsk. The administrative center of the federal district is the city Makhachkala.

Cities in the Republic of Ingushetia: Karabulak, Malgobek, Nazran. The administrative center of the federal district is the city Magas.

Cities in the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania: Alagir, Ardon, Beslan, Digora, Mozdok. The administrative center of the federal district is the city Vladikavkaz.

Cities in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic: Baksan, Maisky, Nartkala, Cool, Terek, Tyrnyauz, Chegem. The administrative center of the federal district is the city Nalchik.

Cities in the Karachay-Cherkess Republic: Karachaevsk, Teberda, Ust-Dzheguta. The administrative center of the federal district is the city Cherkessk.

Cities in the Chechen Republic: Argun, Gudermes, Urus-Martan, Shali. The administrative center of the federal district is the city Grozny.

Cities in Stavropol Krai: Grateful, Budyonnovsk, Georgievsk, Essentuki, Zheleznovodsk, Zelenokumsk, Izobilny, Ipatovo, Kislovodsk, Lermontov, Mineralnye Vody, Mikhailovsk, Nevinnomyssk, Neftekumsk, Novoaleksandrovsk, Novopavlovsk, Pyatigorsk, Svetlograd. The administrative center of the federal district is the city Stavropol.

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North Caucasian Federal District
Coordinates: 43°42′41″ s. sh. 44°48′22″ E  / 43.71139° N sh. 44.80611° E  / 43.71139; 44.80611(G)(O)(I)

North Caucasian Federal District- the federal district of the Russian Federation, separated from the Southern Federal District by decree of the President of Russia D. A. Medvedev dated January 19, 2010. It is located in the south of the European part of Russia, in the central and eastern part of the North Caucasus.

Once, when the federal districts were established on May 13, 2000, the North Caucasian Federal District was already formed, which was soon (June 21) renamed the Southern Federal District.

In 2010, the formation of this new district was the first change in the number and territory of federal districts since their establishment in 2000 by Russian President Vladimir Putin.

The area of ​​the district is 1% of the territory of the Russian Federation. Prior to the formation of the Crimean Federal District in 2014, it was the smallest federal district in Russia. The district has no access to the oceans (although it faces the Caspian Sea).

The district consists of seven subjects of the federation. The only federal district in which there is not a single region, and the only one in which ethnic Russians do not have an absolute majority of the population of the district.

The administrative center of the district is the city of Pyatigorsk, the only one of the centers of the districts of the Russian Federation that is not the administrative center of the subject included in the district. Also, Pyatigorsk is one of the two centers of the districts of the Russian Federation (along with Simferopol in the Crimean Federal District), which is not the largest settlement in the district (however, it is the logistics center of the largest agglomeration of KavMinVody in the North Caucasus Federal District). From April 2010 to June 2011, the residence of the Deputy Prime Minister of the Russian Federation, Presidential Plenipotentiary in the North Caucasus Federal District Alexander Khloponin was temporarily located in Essentuki, after which it was located in Pyatigorsk and switched to working mode. The largest city of the district is Makhachkala, several other cities (Stavropol, Vladikavkaz, Grozny, Nalchik) are also larger than the administrative center of the district of Pyatigorsk.

In September 2010, the Government of the Russian Federation approved the Comprehensive Strategy for the Socio-Economic Development of the North Caucasus Federal District until 2025.

• 1 Administrative and legal status of the county
• 2 Composition of the county
• 3 Geography
• 4 Population
• 5 National composition
• 6 Major cities
• 7 Representatives of the President of Russia in the North Caucasus Federal District
• 8 Notes
• 9 Links

Administrative and legal status of the district

The Federal District is not part of the administrative division of the Russian Federation (subject of the Russian Federation).

A feature of the North Caucasus Federal District until May 2014 was the fact that its current head, Alexander Khloponin, was simultaneously vested with the powers of Deputy Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation and Plenipotentiary Representative of the President of the Russian Federation, which happened for the first time in Russian practice and was intended to create an effective model prompt solution of economic and social problems of the district.

District Composition

Below is a list of subjects of the Russian Federation that are part of the North Caucasian Federal District.

Geography

The district borders on land with the Southern Federal District, as well as with Abkhazia, Azerbaijan, Georgia and South Ossetia. It has only water borders with Kazakhstan.

In the east, the federal district is bounded by the Caspian Sea, in the south - by the Main Caucasian Range and borders with Georgia and Azerbaijan, in the west and north - by internal Russian administrative borders.

Population

The population of the district according to Rosstat is 9 659 044 people (2015), which is 6.6% of the Russian population. Population density - 56,67 people/km2 (2015), high by Russian standards, and second only to the Central Federal District (59.91 people/km2). Urban population - 49,1 % (2015). The Okrug is characterized by a record population growth for the Russian federal districts.

1 000 0002 000 0003 000 0004 000 0005 000 0006 000 0007 000 0008 000 0009 000 00010 000 00020102015

National composition

The North Caucasian Federal District is the only district in which Russians and Slavs do not make up the vast majority of the population (less than a third). In six regions of the district out of seven, the titular nation prevails over Russians, in Ingushetia Russians occupy only third place after the Ingush and Chechens, and in Dagestan eighth.

According to the 2010 census in six republics of the North Caucasus (Dagestan, Ingushetia, Kabardino-Balkaria, Karachay-Cherkessia, North Ossetia-Alania, the Chechen Republic), 621,887 people identified their nationality as Russian. In total, 6,606,378 people answered the question about nationality in these republics, thus the share of Russians in the republics of the North Caucasus was less than 9.41% of those who identified their nationality.

According to the results of the 2010 census, according to Rosstat, the national composition of the district is as follows: Total - 9,428,826 people.

• Russians - 2,854,040 (30.26%)
• Chechens - 1,335,857 (14.17%)
• Avars - 865,348 (9.18%)
• Dargins - 541,552 (5.74%)
• Kabardians - 502,817 (5.33%)
• Ossetians - 481,492 (5.11%)
• Kumyks - 466,769 (4.95%)
• Ingush - 418,996 (4.44%)
• Lezgins - 396,408 (4.2%)
• Karachays - 211,122 (2.39%)
• Armenians - 190,825 (2.02%)
• Laks - 166,526 (1.77%)
• Azerbaijanis - 155,394 (1.65%)
• Tabasarans - 127,941 (1.36%)
• Balkars - 110,215 (1.17%)
• Nogais - 82,026 (0.87%)
• Circassians - 61,409 (0.65%)
• Ukrainians - 42,431 (0.45%)
• Abaza - 41,037 (0.44%)
• Greeks - 37,096 (0.39%)
• Gypsies - 36,465 (0.39%)
• Turks - 31,040 (0.33%)
• Aguly - 29,979 (0.32%)
• Rutulians - 29,413 (0.31%)
• Tatars - 22,541 (0.24%)
• Georgians - 19,696 (0.21%)
• Turkmen - 15,750 (0.17%)
• Koreans - 12,551 (0.13%)
• Tsakhury - 10,215 (0.11%)
• Belarusians - 9,217 (0.10%)
• others - 170,391 (1.81%)
• did not indicate nationality - 63,022 people. (0.67%)

Ethno-linguistic composition is dominated by the following groups and families:

1. North Caucasian family - 4,532,498 people (48.07%)
   1. Dagestan group - 2,170,329 (23.02%)
   2. Nakh group - 1,755,129 (18.61%)
   3. Abkhaz-Adyghe group - 607,040 (6.44%)
2. Indo-European family - 3,682,392 (39.05%)
   1. Slavic group - 2,908,236 (30.84%)
   2. Iranian group - 492,056 (5.22%)
   3. Armenian group - 190,826 (2.02%)
3. Altai family - 1,109,244 (11.76%)
   1. Turkic group - 1,107,851 (11.75%)
4. Kartvelian family - 19,696 (0.21%)
5. Koreans - 12,551 (0.13%);
6. Ural family - 5,079 (0.05%)

Ethno-linguistic composition of the regions of the North Caucasian Federal District (in%, 2010):

Big cities

Representatives of the President of Russia in the North Caucasus Federal District

• Alexander Gennadievich Khloponin (January 19, 2010 - May 12, 2014)
• Sergey Alimovich Melikov (since May 12, 2014)

Notes

1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Estimated resident population as of January 1, 2015 and 2014 average (published March 17, 2015). Retrieved March 18, 2015. Archived from the original on March 18, 2015.
2. A new federal district was formed by Presidential Decree - www.kremlin.ru
3. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of January 19, 2010 No. 82 “On Amendments to the List of Federal Districts approved by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of May 13, 2000 No. 849, and Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of May 12, 2008 No. 724 “Issues of the System and structures of federal executive authorities"" // Russian newspaper. - 2010. - No. 10, 01/21/2010. // on kremlin.ru
4. Peculiarities of the CMS region - website of the administration of the Caucasian Mineral Waters
5. Gritchin, Nikolai Alexander Khloponin will work in a dietary canteen.Izvestia (04/09/10). Retrieved April 10, 2010. Archived from the original on August 24, 2011.
6. The Russian Federation consists of republics, territories, regions, cities of federal significance, an autonomous region, autonomous regions - equal subjects of the Russian Federation (Constitution of the Russian Federation, article 5, paragraph 1)
7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 Population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2015. Retrieved 6 August 2015. Archived from the original on 6 August 2015.
8. 1 2 3 Georgia and most states of the world do not recognize the independence of Abkhazia and South Ossetia, considering Russian border with these countries are parts of the Russian-Georgian border.
9. The border with Georgia and Azerbaijan does not always coincide with the Main Caucasian Range
10. Estimated resident population as of January 1, 2015 and 2014 average (published on March 17, 2015)
11. Results All-Russian census population in 2010. 5. Population of Russia, federal districts, constituent entities of the Russian Federation, districts, urban settlements, rural settlements - district centers and rural settlements with a population of 3 thousand people or more. Retrieved November 14, 2013. Archived from the original on November 14, 2013.
12. 1 2 3 Permanent population as of January 1 (people) 1990-2010
13. Estimated resident population as of January 1, 2014. Retrieved April 13, 2014. Archived from the original on April 13, 2014.
14. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
15. 1 2 4.22. Birth rate, mortality and natural increase of the population in the subjects of the Russian Federation
16. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 4.6. Birth rate, mortality and natural increase of the population in the subjects of the Russian Federation
17. birth rates, death rates, natural increase, marriages, divorces for January-December 2011
18. Fertility, mortality, natural increase, marriages, divorce rates for January-December 2012
19. Fertility, mortality, natural increase, marriages, divorce rates for January-December 2013
20. Fertility, mortality, natural increase, marriages, divorce rates for January-December 2014
21. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 4.6. Birth rate, mortality and natural increase of the population in the subjects of the Russian Federation
22. Fertility, mortality, natural increase, marriages, divorce rates for January-December 2011
23. Fertility, mortality, natural increase, marriages, divorce rates for January-December 2012
24. Fertility, mortality, natural increase, marriages, divorce rates for January-December 2013
25. Fertility, mortality, natural increase, marriages, divorce rates for January-December 2014
26. 1 2 Life expectancy at birth, years, year, annual value, total population, both sexes
27. 1 2 3 Life expectancy at birth
28. Results of the 2010 All-Russian Population Census in relation to the demographic and socio-economic characteristics of individual nationalities
29. All-Russian population census 2010. Official results with extended lists of national composition population and by region: see
30. Decree on the appointment of Alexander Khloponin as Deputy Prime Minister and Presidential Plenipotentiary in the North Caucasus Federal District - www.kremlin.ru
31. Sergei Melikov appointed as presidential envoy to the North Caucasus Federal District - www.kremlin.ru

Links

• skfo.gov.ru, caucasus.rf, skfo.rf - official website of the Plenipotentiary Representative of the President of the Russian Federation in the North Caucasus Federal District
• “He will come and silently fix everything” - analytical article - Lenta.ru (20.01.2010)

• Novitsky I.Ya. Management of the ethnopolitics of the North Caucasus. - Krasnodar, 2011. - 270 p.

North Caucasian Federal District

North Caucasian Federal District

The district was formed by separation from the Southern Federal District by the Decree of the President of Russia dated January 19, 2010. The district includes seven subjects of the Federation, including one region - Stavropol and six republics: the Republic of Dagestan, the Republic of Ingushetia, the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, Karachay-Cherkess Republic of the Republic of North Ossetia - Alania, Chechen Republic (Table 5.9).

Table 5.9

Composition of the North Caucasian Federal District

The NCFD is the only federal district that does not have a single region, and the only one where ethnic Russians do not have an absolute majority of the population of the district. It is considered the most multinational region of the Russian Federation. The administrative center of the district - the city of Pyatigorsk-V is neither the administrative center of the subject included in the district nor the largest city of the district, but is included in the large Caucasian-Mineralovodsk agglomeration.

Geographic location, borders and Natural resources NCFD.

The district is located in the southern part European Russia, in the central and eastern parts of the North Caucasus. From the south it is protected by the Main Caucasian Range, in the east it is washed by the Caspian Sea.

The North Caucasus Federal District borders with such countries as Abkhazia, Azerbaijan, Georgia and South Ossetia, Kazakhstan, as well as with such subjects of the Russian Federation as the Republic of Kalmykia, Rostov region and Krasnodar Territory. The administrative center of the district is the city of Pyatigorsk.

The region has large reserves of natural and mineral resources - these are oil, gas, coal, copper, non-ferrous metals, polymetals, iron ores and building materials.

In addition, it has a unique complex of balneological resources, which includes mineral drinking water, thermal water and therapeutic mud. Approximately 1/3 of all Russian mineral water resources and more than 70% of the country's thermal water reserves are concentrated here.

Economic indicators development of the regions of the North Caucasus Federal District. From the end of the 20th century the main part of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, which are now part of the North Caucasian Federal District, turned out to be in the groups of regions most prone to economic crisis. To began XXI in. volumes industrial production in this district decreased to 17-24% (compared to 1990), while on average in Russia this indicator was equal to 48%! . In the 2000s there is economic growth in some subjects of the North Caucasus Federal District, but the improvement of their socio-economic situation is achieved very slowly. At the same time, the main contribution to the creation of VRI is made by such areas as wholesale and retail trade - 21.1%, agriculture - 13.1%, construction - 12.2%, public administration- 11.6%. The share of manufacturing in GRP is 9.1%.

The unemployment rate in the North Caucasus Federal District is characterized as high. In the whole district, its value is 13%, and in some republics it reaches 44%. Hidden unemployment and a significant proportion of the population working in low-paid sectors of the economy are noted.

In the main part of the sectors of the economy of the NCFD, labor productivity is below the national average. These circumstances are combined with the low standard of living of the population.

The budgets of the Republic of Dagestan, the Republic of Ingushetia, the Karachay-Cherkess Republic, the Chechen Republic are characterized as highly subsidized. Share of funds federal budget, transferred to assist the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in the North Caucasus Federal District, reaches 70-80% in some regional budgets.